9 thru 12
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07.0.1.9.1
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Students will gather and synthesize information concerning a problem
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07.0.1.9.2
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Students will generate and revise hypotheses based upon empirical data and the requirements of logical reasoning
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07.0.1.9.3
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Students will interpret the results of experimentation using statistical reasoning
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07.0.1.9.4
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Students will critique scientific experiments or research by seeking out possible sources of bias in the design and analysis of data
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07.0.1.9.5
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Students will suggest alternative ways of explaining data and criticize arguments in which data, explanations or conclusions are represented as the only ones worthy of consideration
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07.0.1.9.6
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Students will prepare and present oral and written scientific reports that communicate in a logical sequence the process, results and validity of scientific experiments and research.
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07.0.10.0.1
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that there are more stars in the sky than anyone can easily count, they are randomly distributed, and they vary in brightness or color
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07.0.10.0.2
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Students will understand (in grades K-2) that the sun can be seen only in the daytime, but the moon can be seen sometimes at night and sometimes during the day
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07.0.10.0.3
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Students will know (in grades K-2) that the sun, moon, and stars all appear to move slowly across the sky
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07.0.10.0.4
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Students will describe (in grades K-2) how the moon looks a little different every day, but looks the same about every four weeks
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07.0.10.0.5
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Students will describe (in grades K-2) how the astronauts use spacecraft for travel and how some astronauts have even traveled to the moon and back
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07.0.10.0.6
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Students will know that the patterns of stars in the sky appear to stay the same, although they appear to move across the sky nightly, and different star patterns (constellations) can be seen in different seasons
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07.0.10.0.7
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Students will understand that telescopes magnify the appearance of the moon, the planets and stars
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07.0.10.0.8
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Students will know that the Earth is one of several planets that orbit the sun, and that the moon orbits the Earth
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07.0.10.0.9
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Students will know that stars are like the sun, some being smaller and some larger, but they are at such great distances that they look like points of light
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07.0.10.0.10
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Students will recognize that the rotation of the Earth on its axis every 24 hours produces the night-and-day cycle
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07.0.10.0.11
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Students will recognize that information and photographs from orbiting spacecraft have added to our knowledge of the Earth and the universe.
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07.0.10.5.1
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Students will understand that, to people living on the Earth, the 24-hour period of rotation of the Earth makes it seem as though the sun, moon, planets and stars are orbiting the Earth once a day
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07.0.10.5.2
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Students will recognize that the sun is a medium-sized star located near the edge of a disk-shaped galaxy of stars, that the universe contains many millions of galaxies, and that each galaxy contains many billions of stars
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07.0.10.5.3
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Students will describe the solar system as consisting of nine planets, different in size, composition and surface features, which all revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits
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07.0.10.5.4
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Students will understand that the moon's orbit around the Earth changes how much of the lighted portion of the moon can be seen from the Earth
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07.0.10.5.5
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Students will realize that the planets change their positions change their positions against the background of stars
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07.0.10.5.6
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Students will recognize that the mutual gravitational attraction of the Earth, moon and sun produces the ocean's tides
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07.0.10.5.7
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Students will understand that many artificial satellites now orbit the Earth and are used for a variety of purposes
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07.0.10.9.1
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Students will understand that the stars differ from each other in size, temperature and age, but they appear to be made up of the same elements that are found on the Earth and appear to behave according to the same physical principles
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07.0.10.9.2
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Students will state that on the basis of scientific evidence, the universe is expanding and is estimated to be well over 15 billion years old
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07.0.10.9.3
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Students will describe how increasingly sophisticated technology is used to learn about the universe (e.g., visual, radio and X-ray telescopes)
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07.0.10.9.4
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Students will understand that mathematical models and computer simulations are used in studying evidence from many sources in order to form a more comprehensive scientific account of the universe
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07.0.10.9.5
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Students will recognize that orbiting instruments, such as the Hubble telescope, provide information about the universe that could not be gathered from the Earth's surface
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07.0.10.9.6
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Students will recognize that the solar system is part of a constantly changing universe in which stars are born, change and die
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07.0.10.9.7
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Students will understand that light from a star takes a very long time to reach the Earth and is actually a representation of its past location.
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07.0.11.0.1
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Students will describe (in grades K-2) materials by their physical properties (e.g., color, size, shape, texture, flexibility)
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07.0.11.0.2
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Students will organize (in grades K-2) objects in terms of the materials of which they are made (e.g., paper, cloth, clay)
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07.0.11.0.3
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Students will change the properties (in grades K-2) of some materials (e.g., dissolve salt, evaporate water) and recognize that not all materials respond in the same ways
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07.0.11.0.4
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Students will separate and classify objects (in grades K-2) using one or more of the properties of the object
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07.0.11.0.5
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Students will identify physical changes as changes in state or form
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07.0.11.0.6
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Students will recognize that a chemical change occurs when substances interact to form new materials with properties that differ from those of the original substances
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07.0.11.0.7
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Students will recognize that materials may be composed of parts to small to be seen
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07.0.11.0.8
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Students will create and separate mixtures
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07.0.11.0.9
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Students will gather data to show that the mass of a whole object is equal to the sum of the masses of its parts
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07.0.11.0.10
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Students will recognize that many substances can exist in different states (solid, liquid and gaseous) and some common substances, such as water, can be changed from one state to another by adding or removing heat from the material
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07.0.11.0.11
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Students will demonstrate that when substances change from one state to another, such as from a liquid to a solid, the total mass remains unchanged.
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07.0.11.5.1
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Students will use physical and chemical properties to classify and describe matter in terms of elements, compounds, mixtures, atoms and molecules
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07.0.11.5.2
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Students will show that, while the quantity of matter is conserved, changes in matter can result in the formation of new materials
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07.0.11.5.3
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Students will demonstrate that the kinetic molecular model of matter is useful in describing the structure and properties of solids, liquids and gases
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07.0.11.5.4
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Students will recognize that all matter is made up atoms which are too small to be seen directly through the microscope, but that indirect evidence can be used to construct a useful model of the atom
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07.0.11.5.5
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Students will recognize that atoms and molecules are perpetually in motion and that as the temperature of a substance increases, the average energy of motion also increases
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07.0.11.5.6
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Students will show how features such as the temperature and acidity of a solution can influence reaction rates
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07.0.11.5.7
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Students will give examples which show that changes in pressure, temperature or volume of a gas sample result in predictable changes in either or both of the other properties
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07.0.11.5.8
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Students will demonstrate that some properties (such as mass and volume) depend on the amount of material and some properties (such as density, melting point and boiling point) are independent of the amount of material.
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07.0.11.9.1
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Students will describe the nature of atoms and how atoms combine to form molecules
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07.0.11.9.2
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Students will explain how the chemical and physical properties of substances are related to their atomic and molecular structures
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07.0.11.9.3
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Students will use the Periodic Table to predict common properties of elements
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07.0.11.9.4
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Students will use chemical formulas and equations to obtain and communicate information about chemical changes
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07.0.11.9.5
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Students will recognize that the ability of a reaction to occur and the extent to which it proceeds depends on the relative stability of the reactants compared to the products and the conditions under which the reaction occurs
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07.0.11.9.6
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Students will understand and apply mathematical concepts, including dimensional analysis, to explore and describe chemical changes
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07.0.12.0.1
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) forms of energy (e.g., heat, light, sound) used every day
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07.0.12.0.2
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that visible light contains the colors of the rainbow
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07.0.12.0.3
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Students will demonstrate (in grades K-2) demonstrate that sound can be produced by vibrating objects
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07.0.12.0.4
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that energy can be used to bring about changes in matter (e.g., melt an ice cube)
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07.0.12.0.5
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Students will demonstrate (in grades K-2) that sound has different properties (e.g., high-low, loud-soft)
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07.0.12.0.6
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Students will understand (in grades K-2) that the sun's rays warm objects on the Earth
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07.0.12.0.7
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Students will describe various forms of energy, such as light, heat, electrical and chemical, and cite examples of the change of one form into another
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07.0.12.0.8
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Students will recognize that sounds can be varied by making changes to the objects emitting the sound (e.g., tautness of a string, length of a tube, medium through which the sound travels)
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07.0.12.0.9
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Students will recognize that some materials conduct heat better than others, and that poor conductors (insulators) can reduce heat loss
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07.0.12.0.10
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Students will give examples of ways energy consumption can be reduced
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07.0.12.0.11
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Students will recognize that primary colors of light can be mixed to create other colors
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07.0.12.0.12
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Students will demonstrate that light has a number of properties, such as color, brightness and direction of travel
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07.0.12.0.13
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Students will demonstrate that light can be absorbed, reflected, transmitted and bent using mirrors and lenses.
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07.0.12.5.1.
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Students will recognize that energy can neither be created nor destroyed
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07.0.12.5.2
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Students will identify energy transformations that occur in various systems (e.g., biological, mechanical, geological) and recognize that hat is a by product of energy transformations
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07.0.12.5.3
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Students will demonstrate that heat can be transferred by convection, conduction and radiation
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07.0.12.5.4
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Students will recognize that energy exists in many forms (e.g., light, heat, chemical, electrical and mechanical) and that energy can be transformed from one for to another
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07.0.12.5.5
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Students will understand that all physical changes, including changes of state, require energy
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07.0.12.5.6
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Students will recognize that the sun produces energy in a range of wavelengths within the electromagnetic spectrum
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07.0.12.5.7
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Students will compare and contrast different forms of energy in terms of their wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum.
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07.0.12.9.1
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Students will classify various forms of energy as either kinetic or potential
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07.0.12.9.2
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Students will recognize that heat energy is related to the disordered motion of atoms or molecules
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07.0.12.9.3
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Students will understand that the total amount of disorder in the universe is increasing
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07.0.12.9.4
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Students will explain that, although energy changes into different forms within a closed system, the total amount of energy remains unchanged, while the amount of useful energy is decreased
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07.0.12.9.5
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Students will describe the nature of different types of waves, how they are produced, and how they transfer energy
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07.0.12.9.6
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Students will understand that every objects exerts a gravitational force on every other object
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07.0.12.9.7
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Students will interpret the physical characteristics of sound, (including pitch and loudness) in terms of wave theory
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07.0.13.0.1
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Students will demonstrate (in grades K-2)that the position or motion of objects can be changed by pushing or pulling
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07.0.13.0.2
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that the motion of objects can be compared by describing the general direction or type of motion (straight line, zigzag, vibrating or circular) and relative speed
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07.0.13.0.3
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Students will demonstrate (in grades K-2) that magnets can move some objectives without touching them
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07.0.13.0.4
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that magnets attract or repel each other and attract a few kinds of metals
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07.0.13.0.5
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Students will demonstrate (in grades K-2) that objects fall to the ground unless supported
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07.0.13.0.6
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Students will give examples of some forces (e.g., magnetism, gravity) that can change the motion of objects without touching them
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07.0.13.0.7
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Students will recognize that the motion of an object can be described as a change in the position of the object with respect to another object or background
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07.0.13.0.8
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Students will demonstrate that magnetic and electrostatic forces may both attract and repel
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07.0.13.5.1
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Students will identify evidence that waves (e.g., light, sound, radiant) can transfer energy between two points
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07.0.13.5.2
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Students will demonstrate that objects have inertia and momentum
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07.0.13.5.3
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Students will recognize that the motion of one object can be described by measuring its position, direction and speed relative to another object
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07.0.13.5.4
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Students will illustrate that changes in the speed and direction of an object are due to forces which have magnitude and direction
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07.0.13.5.5
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Students will recognize that electric currents and magnets can exert a force on each other
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07.0.13.5.6
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Students will understand that a complete circuit is necessary in order for electric current to flow
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07.0.13.9.1
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Students will explain how the interactions between various energy forms and matter can produce physical, chemical and nuclear transformations
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07.0.13.9.2
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Students will observe, measure and represent mathematically the changes n the various energy forms taking place during the physical and chemical transformation of substances
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07.0.13.9.3
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Students will describe how energy changes can be related to structural processes and modifications at the atomic and molecular levels
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07.0.13.9.4
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Students will recognize that energy changes in atoms and molecules occur in fixed increments
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07.0.13.9.5
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Students will recognize that energy and new particles are released hen the nuclei of heavy atoms (e.g., uranium, plutonium) split
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07.0.13.9.6
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Students will explain how radiation and matter interact in terms of the absorption and emission of energy by individual atoms, molecules and their aggregates
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07.0.13.9.7
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Students will recognize that waves may interact with the materials they enter
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07.0.13.9.8
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Students will recognize the types of radiation (e.g., light, radio, microwave, X-ray) which comprise the electromagnetic spectrum
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07.0.13.9.9
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Students will understand the differences in the flow of electrical energy in conductors, semi-conductors and insulators
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07.0.13.9.10
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Students will recognize that accelerating electrical charges produce electromagnetic waves
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07.0.14.0.1
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Students will understand (in grades K-2) that people create tools (e.g., shovel, hand lens, pencil), to help them to do things better and to do some things that otherwise could not be done at all
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07.0.14.0.2
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Students will identify (in grades K-2) the contributions of science and technology to individuals and society
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07.0.14.0.3
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Students will recognize (in grades K-2) that simple machines can be used to help people do work
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07.0.14.0.4
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Students will describe the role and use of technological devices in everyday life (e.g., microwave ovens, telephones, VCRs)
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07.0.14.0.5
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Students will recognize possible negative consequences to people, other organisms or the environment, of technological solutions to specific problems
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07.0.14.0.6
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Students will understand that technology enables scientists and others to be observe the world, e.g., things that are too small or too far away to be seen without technology, the motion of objects that are moving very rapidly or are hardly moving at all
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07.0.14.0.7
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Students will identify alternative strategies to solve existing and potential environmental or technological problems
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07.0.14.0.8
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Students will describe activities in which students can participate that can benefit their communities (e.g., recycling, water conservation)
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07.0.14.0.9
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Students will recognize that technology extends the ability of people to change the world (e.g., to cut, shape or put together materials; to move things from one place to another, to extend the reach of hands, voices, senses and minds)
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07.0.14.0.10
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Students will identify careers that use science and technology
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07.0.14.0.11
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Students will understand that there are different types of simple machines.
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07.0.14.5.1
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Students will investigate and describe human uses of renewable and nonrenewable resources (e.g., forests, fossil fuels)
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07.0.14.5.2
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Students will explain interrelationships between science and technology (e.g., building a bridge, designing a better running shoe);
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07.0.14.5.3
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Students will describe how the use of technology can contribute to the solution of an individual or community problem (e.g., using oxygenated fuels to help reduce air pollution)
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07.0.14.5.4
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Students will recognize that science and technology cannot solve every problem faced by society
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07.0.14.5.5
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Students will describe how people use science and technology in their professions
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07.0.14.5.6
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Students will identify and analyze ways in which advances in science and technology have affected each other and society
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07.0.14.5.7
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Students will recognize that issues related to science technology and society often are complex and involve risk/benefit trade-offs
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07.0.14.5.8
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Students will understand that scientific advances may be misused and developed into technologies that have negative consequences
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07.0.14.5.9
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Students will identify technological advances that are reported in the media
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07.0.14.5.10
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Students will understand that engineers, architects and others who engage in design and technology use scientific knowledge to solve practical problems
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07.0.14.9.1
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Students will analyze benefits and limit costs and consequences involved in using technology or resources (e.g., X-rays, agricultural chemicals, natural gas reserves)
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07.0.14.9.2
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Students will analyze how the introduction of new technology has affected or could affect human activity (e.g., invention of the telescope, applications of modern telecommunications and bioengineering)
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07.0.14.9.3
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Students will recognize that technological innovations (e.g., the automobile) may produce unanticipated problems of their own
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07.0.14.9.4
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Students will apply their knowledge and understanding of chemical and physical interactions to explain present and anticipated technologies (e.g., lasers, ultrasound, superconducting materials, photocopy machines)
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07.0.14.9.5
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Students will recognize that science and technology often develop faster than society can comprehend their ethical implications
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07.0.14.9.6
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Students will explore the scientific and technological aspects of contemporary problems (e.g., issues related to nutrition, air quality, natural resources)
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07.0.14.9.7
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Students will understand that science strives to understand the natural world and seeks explanations for natural phenomena, while technology seeks solutions to human problems and needs
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07.0.14.9.8
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Students will understand that science, mathematics and technology are interdependent human endeavors with strengths and limitations
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07.0.14.9.9
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Students will recognize that technological problems often create a demand for new scientific knowledge, while new technologies make it possible for scientists to extend their research or to undertake entirely new lines of research.
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