CURRICULUM MAP: 10463.map
Chemistry II AP (UCONN 128)
Unit 10: Solutions
TIME FRAME:
GRADE: 9-12
CONTACT:
MAP LEVEL:
1. How do solutions differ from the other classes of matter?
2. What are the various methods of expressing the concentration of a solution and how can conversions be made between one method and another?
3. What factors affect the solubility of substances and how?
4. What properties of a solvent are affected by the addition of a solute?
5. Can colligative properties be used to determine molar masses?
6. How does the van’t Hoff factor affect colligative properties?
Solutions as one of the four classes of matter
Expressing concentration in molarity, molality, mole fraction, % by mass, ppm and ppb.
Conversions between concentration units
The nature of the solute and solvent, intermolecular forces of attraction and solubility
Effect of temperature on solubility and le Chatelier’s Principle
Effect of pressure on solubility and Henry’s Law
Vapor pressure of solutions
Boiling point elevation and freezing point depression
Osmotic pressure
Using colligative properties to determine molar mass
Deliquescence
Colligative properties of electrolytes and the van’t Hoff factor
Lab activity to determine the molar mass of a solute using freezing point depression
Deviations from ideal behavior
Calculating % dissociation
Practical applications of colligative properties
Classifying examples of matter in one of the four classes: mixtures, solutions, compounds or elements
Determining the concentration of any solution in molarity, molality, mole fraction, % mass, ppm or ppb
Given the concentration of a solution in one unit, calculating the concentration expressed in any other units
Using concentrations to complete chemical calculations such as stoichiometry
Predicting which solvents will dissolve various solutes
Explaining the changes in intermolecular forces of attraction during the dissolution process
Use le Chatelier’s Principle to predict the effect of temperature on the solubility of various solutes
Use Henry’s Law to quantify the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases
Apply Raoult’s Law to determine the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution
Calculate the boiling points and freezing points of various solutions
Use the osmotic pressure formula to complete osmotic pressure problems
Determine the molar mass of a solute using any of the four colligative property calculations
Write dissociation equations for electrolytes
Apply the van’t Hoff factor to complete all colligative property calculations for electrolytes
Determine the % dissociation of a weak electrolyte using colligative property data
Complete colligative property calculations involving practical application of colligative properties such as the production of maple syrup
Practice classifying matter
Performing concentration calculations to determine the concentration of a solution in a given unit
Determining the concentration in all other units given the concentration in one particular unit
Opportunities to predict which solvent will dissolve various solutes
Occasion to explain which intermolecular forces are involved in the total dissolution process
Practice using le Chatelier’s Principle to predict the effect of temperature on the solubility of various solvent
Use of Henry’s law to enumerate the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases
Practice with Raoult’s Law, freezing point depression and boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure problems to determine the vapor pressure, mp, bp and osmotic pressure of various solutions
Use of the above to determine the molar mass of unknown solutes
Observation of a demo of deliquescence
Coop groups—peer edit Advanced Study Assignment for Experiment 14 done as homework the night before
Lab activity—experiment 14: To determine the molar mass of an unknown through freezing point depression
Practice writing dissociation equation for electrolytes
Use of the van’t Hoff factor in colligative property calculation for electrolytes
Predicting deviations from ideal behavior for various solutions
Calculating the % dissociation of weak electrolytes using colligative properties
Development of an appreciation for the practical applications of colligative properties
Practical calculations which apply colligative properties to everyday situations
Advanced study assignments for labs
Ability to analyze and interpret data
Lab reports including class averages, standard deviation, % error and a written error analysis
Problem quizzes
Test—problems, essays, short answer and a few multiple choice questions (lab calculations will be covered on the test)