100 10463 120 Chemistry II AP (UCONN 128) 130 Unit 10: Solutions 140 150 9-12 160 170 180 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 300 1. How do solutions differ from the other classes of matter? 300 2. What are the various methods of expressing the concentration of a solution and how can conversions be made between one method and another? 300 3. What factors affect the solubility of substances and how? 300 4. What properties of a solvent are affected by the addition of a solute? 300 5. Can colligative properties be used to determine molar masses? 300 6. How does the van’t Hoff factor affect colligative properties? 300 400 400 Solutions as one of the four classes of matter 400 Expressing concentration in molarity, molality, mole fraction, % by mass, ppm and ppb. 400 Conversions between concentration units 400 The nature of the solute and solvent, intermolecular forces of attraction and solubility 400 Effect of temperature on solubility and le Chatelier’s Principle 400 Effect of pressure on solubility and Henry’s Law 400 Vapor pressure of solutions 400 Boiling point elevation and freezing point depression 400 Osmotic pressure 400 Using colligative properties to determine molar mass 400 Deliquescence 400 Colligative properties of electrolytes and the van’t Hoff factor 400 Lab activity to determine the molar mass of a solute using freezing point depression 400 Deviations from ideal behavior 400 Calculating % dissociation 400 Practical applications of colligative properties 400 500 Classifying examples of matter in one of the four classes: mixtures, solutions, compounds or elements 500 Determining the concentration of any solution in molarity, molality, mole fraction, % mass, ppm or ppb 500 Given the concentration of a solution in one unit, calculating the concentration expressed in any other units 500 Using concentrations to complete chemical calculations such as stoichiometry 500 Predicting which solvents will dissolve various solutes 500 Explaining the changes in intermolecular forces of attraction during the dissolution process 500 Use le Chatelier’s Principle to predict the effect of temperature on the solubility of various solutes 500 Use Henry’s Law to quantify the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases 500 Apply Raoult’s Law to determine the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution 500 Calculate the boiling points and freezing points of various solutions 500 Use the osmotic pressure formula to complete osmotic pressure problems 500 Determine the molar mass of a solute using any of the four colligative property calculations 500 Write dissociation equations for electrolytes 500 Apply the van’t Hoff factor to complete all colligative property calculations for electrolytes 500 Determine the % dissociation of a weak electrolyte using colligative property data 500 Complete colligative property calculations involving practical application of colligative properties such as the production of maple syrup 500 500 500 600 Practice classifying matter 600 Performing concentration calculations to determine the concentration of a solution in a given unit 600 Determining the concentration in all other units given the concentration in one particular unit 600 Opportunities to predict which solvent will dissolve various solutes 600 Occasion to explain which intermolecular forces are involved in the total dissolution process 600 Practice using le Chatelier’s Principle to predict the effect of temperature on the solubility of various solvent 600 Use of Henry’s law to enumerate the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases 600 Practice with Raoult’s Law, freezing point depression and boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure problems to determine the vapor pressure, mp, bp and osmotic pressure of various solutions 600 Use of the above to determine the molar mass of unknown solutes 600 Observation of a demo of deliquescence 600 Coop groups—peer edit Advanced Study Assignment for Experiment 14 done as homework the night before 600 Lab activity—experiment 14: To determine the molar mass of an unknown through freezing point depression 600 Practice writing dissociation equation for electrolytes 600 Use of the van’t Hoff factor in colligative property calculation for electrolytes 600 Predicting deviations from ideal behavior for various solutions 600 Calculating the % dissociation of weak electrolytes using colligative properties 600 Development of an appreciation for the practical applications of colligative properties 600 Practical calculations which apply colligative properties to everyday situations 600 600 700 Advanced study assignments for labs 700 Ability to analyze and interpret data 700 Lab reports including class averages, standard deviation, % error and a written error analysis 700 Problem quizzes 700 Test—problems, essays, short answer and a few multiple choice questions (lab calculations will be covered on the test) 700